Equilibrium Worksheet and Assignment
Practice Quiz on Le Chatlier’s Principle
Videos on Equilibrium
- Reversible Reactions
- Law of Mass Action
- Homogenous and Heterogenous Equilibria
- Relation between Kc and Kp
- Writing Equilibrium Expressions
- Equilibrium Constant Problem
Topics for Test – Chemical Equilibrium
- Chemical Equilibrium
- Graphs representing systems in equilibrium
- Homogeneous equilibrium
- Heterogeneous equilibrium
- Dynamic equilibrium
- How to write equilibrium concentration expressions for heterogeneous equilibrium
- What does the magnitude of Kc or Keq tell you
- Equilibrium constant for reactions with 2 or more elementary steps
- Multiplying an equation by a coefficient ‘n’ changes Kc to Kc raised to n
- When Kc = 1 what does it mean?
- Application of Le Chatliers principle on systems in equilibrium
- Shift in equilibrium when there is a [concentration] change
- Shift in equilibrium when concentration is changed by changing volume
- Shift in equilibrium when an inert gas is added to the reaction mixture
- Shift in equilibrium when products are removed from the closed equilibrium system
- Shift in equilibrium when the number of moles of reactants and products are not equal for gaseous system
- Shift in equilibrium when heat is added or removed in an exothermic or endothermic reaction
- Shift in equilibrium and catalyst for a reversible reaction
- Problems – When the equilibrium expression is a perfect square
- Problems – When K is very very small (applying 100th rule)
- Problems – When the equilibrium expression is not a perfect square and the use of quadratic equation
- Problems – When a stress is applied to a system in equilibrium (Le Chatliers principle) new concentration of reactant or product
- Entropy – definition and prediction based on state of matter, temperature of reactants and products, # of moles of reactants and products
- Spontaneous reactions
- Gibbs Helmoltz equation and free energy
- What is the significance of free energy?
- What are the conditions for spontaneity of chemical reactions
- Calculation of Kc from free energy ΔG = -2.303 RT log Kc, ΔG = ΔH – TΔS
- Temperature at which a system attains equilibrium DG and equilibrium when value = 0
- ΔG and equilibrium when value < 0 = -ve
- ΔG and equilibrium when value > 0 = +ve
- ΔG = 0 the system is in equilibrium.
Solubility Product Topics for Test (This may be a separate test)
- Equilibrium of sparing soluble salts
- Solubility product constant Ksp
- Determination of Ksp from molar solubility
- Ion product Vs Solubility product
- Determining molar solubility from Ksp
- Common ion effect, qualitative explanation and calculation
- Predicting precipitation, problems
- Selective precipitation of halides, sulfides, hydroxides, metals
- Application of knowledge of Ksp
- Use of complex ion formation in qualitative analysis
- Separation of metal ions using Ksp
Test Outline
- Multiple choice questions
- Short Answers
- Problems
Types of problems on the test
- Determination of Kc or determination of Concentration using Kc and ICE table
- Problems involving Perfect square or quadratic equation
- Manipulation of Equilibrium constant expression
- Predicting shift in equilibrium – LeChatliers Principle
- Calculating and comparing Qc and Kc or Keq and predicting shift in equilibrium
- Solubility product expressions (Heterogenous equilibrium)
- Selective precipitation and use of Qsp and Ksp for predicting precipitation problems are also involved, application of selective precipitation.
- Determination of molar solubility from Ksp, predicting precipitation when solutions are mixed – Calculation involved.
- Commonion effect definition with an example.
- Spontaneity definition, conditions for a reaction to become spontaneous use ΔG and the three possibilities.
- Determination of equilibrium temperature or predicting at what temperature a system will attain equilibrium.
- Use of equilibrium temperature to calculate entropy, enthalpy or T Problems
- Problems based on the equation ΔG = -RTlnKc or ΔG = -2.303RTlogKc