Rates of Reaction
SCH4U – Rates of reaction topics that will be covered
- Rate of reaction
- Calculation of rate (unified rates)
- Generating graphs from concentration and time and determining rates from tangents and secants
- Rate law
- Difference between rate law and law of mas action
- Order of a reaction versus molecularity of a reaction
- Rate determining step
- Rate constant
- Definition (What does it mean)
- Units for the different orders
- Order of reaction
- Definition
- Different types of orders of reaction with examples for each type
- Units of ‘k’ for the different orders of reaction
- Calculation or determination of order of a reactant or the overall order of reaction
- Law of mass action
- Photochemical reactions
- Mechanism of reaction
- Prediction of when a reaction mechanism will occur
- Elementary steps of a reaction involving mechanism
- Graphical representation of the reaction involving mechanism
- Identifying the slowest and fastest step
- Identifying the reactive intermediate from the elementary step
- Identifying the catalyst from the elementary step in a multi-step reaction involving a catalyst.
- Adding elementary steps to obtain the reaction
- Units of the different order
- Difference between order and molecularity
- Pseudo unimolecular reactions
- Initial rate method
- Explanation of the basis of the calculation
- Problems
- Determining order
- Determining concentration or Initial rate
- Determination of rate constant
- Identifying zero order reaction from the data (Without calculation)
- Graphical method for determining order
- Draw graphs of Rate Vs Time for the different orders
- Integrated rate law method
- Problems and examples
- Nuclear reaction
- Population growth
- Collision theory
- Factors affecting rates of reaction
- Concentration
- Temperature
- Arrhenius Equation and calculation of Ea
- Graphical method for determining of Ea
- Problems
- Catalyst
- Definitions of positive and negative catalyst with examples
- Homogenous and Heterogeneous catalyst
- Explanation with examples and diagrams
- Nature of Reactants
- Physical state of reactants (Solid, Liquid versus Gas)
- Surface area
- Reactions with ionic bonds
- Reactions with ionic compounds containing covalent bonds and undergoing change in the nature of the polyatomic ions
- Reactions involving covalent compound
- Photochemical reactions
- Energy of activation
- Threshold energy
- Transition state
- Graphs for single step reactions
- Graphs for multi steps reaction
- Energy of activation for reverse reactions
- Orientation and its effect on rates of reaction
- Energy of activation and its effect on rates of reaction
- Calculation of Activation energy
- Calculation of order of reaction from initial rate method
- Calculation of rate constant from rate law
- Calculation of concentration for first order reactions after time ‘t’
- Calculation of rate constant or decay constant from half life
- Calculation of rate of reaction from concentration and time
- Explanation of Maxwell Boltzmann distribution curve
- Arrhenius equation
Problems – You ought to be familiar with the following type of problems – that does not mean all these types of problems will be present in your test. Variations of these problems can be included either in the MCQ or as Problems.
- Determination of rate from concentration / volume / pressure etc and time
- Determination of order by initial rate method – problems
- Determination of rate constant ‘k’
- Determination of average rate and instantaneous rate from a graph
- Relation between rate and concentration change for determining order
- Determination of concentration / time / rate constant from integrated rate law and half life
- Arrhenius equation and determination of Ea or energy of activation
- Determination of rate constant k / Ea / or effect of temperature on rate of reaction with change in temperature using modified Arrhenius equation
- Determination of concentration of reactants after ‘n’ half lives
Format of test SCH4U / TOPS
- Multiple Choice Questions =
- Short Answers =
- Problems =
- Application level questions based on topics taught will be included.
Topic Related External Links
Graphing in Chemical Kinetics